N<\/span>ikola T<\/span>esla (1856 \u2013 1943)<\/h4>\n

T<\/span>\u00eb pakt\u00eb kan\u00eb qen\u00eb bashk\u00ebkoh\u00ebsit e Tomas Edisonit, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt jan\u00eb p\u00ebrplasur me t\u00eb dhe kan\u00eb fituar, por kjo, me siguri, nuk mund t\u00eb thuhet p\u00ebr nj\u00ebrin nga punonj\u00ebsit e tij. Nikola Tesla, elektro inxhinier ekscentrik, i lindur n\u00eb Kroaci, u shp\u00ebrngul n\u00eb SHBA n\u00eb vitin 1884 dhe u pun\u00ebsua tek Edisoni, sapo arriti n\u00eb tok\u00ebn amerikane. P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb mosmarr\u00ebveshjeve, karakterit dhe q\u00ebndrimeve t\u00eb kund\u00ebrta ndaj rrym\u00ebs elektrike marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnia e tyre nuk zgjati shum\u00eb, duke l\u00ebn\u00eb pas vetes nj\u00eb armiq\u00ebsi t\u00eb hidhur, pas s\u00eb cil\u00ebs pasoi nj\u00eb ndryshim n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e furnizimit t\u00eb bot\u00ebs bashk\u00ebkohore me energjin\u00eb e nevojshme.<\/p>\n

SI TRANSPORTOHET RRYMA ELEKTRIKE
\nN\u00eb realitet historia fillon shum\u00eb m\u00eb her\u00ebt, q\u00eb n\u00eb Europ\u00eb. Mendja brilante dhe shpesh e trazuar e ekscentrikut Tesla u dallua q\u00eb n\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebri. Edhe pse nuk kishte prejardhje nga familje akademike, n\u00eb historin\u00eb e familjes Tesla ka pasur shpik\u00ebs, kurse babai i tij, me shpirt, mundohej q\u00eb t\u00eb zhvillonte aft\u00ebsit\u00eb mendore t\u00eb Tesl\u00ebs. P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb sh\u00ebndetit t\u00eb dob\u00ebt nga trauma e r\u00ebnd\u00eb psikike q\u00eb i shkaktoi vdekja e v\u00ebllait m\u00eb t\u00eb madh, Dane, ai nd\u00ebrpreu shkollimin. M\u00eb pas Tesla vazhdoi Universitetin e Gracit, n\u00eb Austri. Gjat\u00eb shkollimit ka pasur mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb shihte pun\u00ebn e gjenerator\u00ebve ekzistues dhe motor\u00ebt elektrik\u00eb, dhe k\u00ebshtu filloi t\u00eb mendonte p\u00ebr nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb transportimit t\u00eb energjis\u00eb elektrike. Pak m\u00eb von\u00eb i lindi ideja, q\u00eb fusha magnetike rrotulluese mund t\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzohej n\u00eb motorin me induksion, i cili do t\u00eb prodhonte rrym\u00ebn alternative N\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb gati t\u00eb gjitha pajisjet n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi, n\u00eb zyra dhe fabrika punonin me rrym\u00eb elektrike t\u00eb nj\u00ebtrajtshme, por ajo ka pasur kufizimet e veta: prodhim i shtrenjt\u00eb, transport i shtrenjt\u00eb dhe nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr konvertitor. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, Tesla zbuloi se rryma elektrike alternative mund t\u00eb transportohej n\u00eb larg\u00ebsi m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe dhe me kosto m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt. Hap i tij m\u00eb i madh e i sigurt n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rrug\u00eb ka qen\u00eb shpikja dhe prodhimi i motorit induktiv n\u00eb vitin 1883. Tani i duhej ta shiste.<\/p>\n

RRYMA ALTERNATIVE APO E NJ\u00cbKAHSHME
\nTesla vendosi t\u00eb shp\u00ebrngulej n\u00eb Amerik\u00eb, ku arriti pa asnj\u00eb para n\u00eb xhep, por u pun\u00ebsua shum\u00eb shpejt fal\u00eb njohjes s\u00eb elektroteknik\u00ebs. P\u00ebr m\u00eb pak se nj\u00eb vit, Edisoni u mahnit nga ai, por shum\u00eb shpejt u nxeh dhe e largoi nga puna. Por kund\u00ebrshtari i Edisonit, Xhorxh Uestinghauzi, e mori n\u00eb kompanin\u00eb e vet. N\u00eb vitin 1885, kompania Uestinghauz Elektrik bleu t\u00eb drejtat e shfryt\u00ebzimit t\u00eb shpikjes s\u00eb rrym\u00ebs alternative nga Tesla, dhe k\u00ebshtu filloi lufta elektro-energjetike. Edisoni dhe t\u00eb tjer\u00eb besonin n\u00eb zhvillimin e rrym\u00ebs s\u00eb vazhduar dhe d\u00ebshironin t\u00eb kishin sukses me t\u00eb. Kjo me siguri lidhej edhe me interesat financiar\u00eb. Rryma e vazhduar tanim\u00eb pranohej si m\u00ebnyr\u00eb prodhimi dhe shp\u00ebrndarjeje e rrym\u00ebs elektrike. Uestinghauzi dhe Tesla besonin se metoda e tyre ishte m\u00eb e p\u00ebrshtatshme, m\u00eb e mir\u00eb dhe luftonin fort p\u00ebr pranimin e saj. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, Edisoni p\u00ebrpiqej t\u00eb shkat\u00ebrronte besimin te rryma alternative, duke k\u00ebmb\u00ebngulur te rrezikshm\u00ebria e saj. M\u00eb von\u00eb Tesla e hodhi posht\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje me nj\u00eb demonstrim publik, gjat\u00eb t\u00eb cilit ndezi llamb\u00ebn me rrym\u00ebn q\u00eb p\u00ebrshkonte trupin e tij, duke b\u00ebr\u00eb k\u00ebshtu shum\u00eb shpejt t\u00eb qarta p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsit\u00eb e rrym\u00ebs alternative. Me p\u00ebrsosjen e m\u00ebtejshme t\u00eb transformator\u00ebve, me ndihm\u00ebn e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve transportohej rryma alternative, ajo mbisundoi tregun, kurse rryma e vazhduar p\u00ebrdorej vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr raste t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta. Dhe k\u00ebshtu ka ngelur deri n\u00eb dit\u00ebt e sotshme.<\/p>\n

SPIRALJA TESLA
\nN\u00eb vitin 1891 Tesla, n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb teorive t\u00eb veta, shpiku spiralen Tesla, e cila ishte m\u00eb e efektshme p\u00ebr prodhimin e rrym\u00ebs elektrike alternative me frekuenca t\u00eb larta. Ajo u p\u00ebrdor gjer\u00ebsisht, madje edhe sot p\u00ebrdoret shum\u00eb n\u00eb radioteknik\u00eb, televizion dhe n\u00eb pajisjet elektrike. Duke p\u00ebrdorur k\u00ebt\u00eb spirale dhe shpikjen e tij t\u00eb val\u00ebve stacionare tok\u00ebsore, e cila n\u00eb thelb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb q\u00eb planeti Tok\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret si nj\u00eb drejtues elektrik gjigant, ai realizoi disa eksperimente spektakolare. Tesla prodhoi me m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e vet nj\u00eb \u201cgoditje rrufeje\u201d m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb se tridhjet\u00eb metra, kurse nj\u00eb her\u00eb tjet\u00ebr ndezi 200 llamba t\u00eb radhitura n\u00eb larg\u00ebsi prej 40 kilometrash, t\u00eb cilat nuk ishin t\u00eb lidhura me tel nd\u00ebrmjet tyre. Ideja e transportimit t\u00eb rrym\u00ebs elektrike pa tel p\u00ebrcjell\u00ebs u b\u00eb nj\u00eb fush\u00eb me interes p\u00ebr Tesl\u00ebn n\u00eb vitet e fundit. Emrin tesla p\u00ebr nder t\u00eb tij e ka marr\u00eb nj\u00ebsia p\u00ebr induksionin e fush\u00ebs magnetike n\u00eb SI.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

shk\u00ebputur nga libri\u00a0\u201c100 shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt q\u00eb ndryshuan bot\u00ebn\u201d<\/a>,
\n<\/strong>p\u00ebrkthyer nga Latif Ajrullai,
\nbotuar nga \u201cAlbas\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

nga Jon Balchin<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":17118,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[353],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n